树莓派搭建 OpenCV 3 环境

下载相关工具及包

• 安装OpenCV相关工具

  sudo apt install build-essential cmake git pkg-config libgtk-3-dev libcanberra-gtk*
  sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
  sudo apt install libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev gfortran openexr libatlas-base-dev opencl-headers
  sudo apt install python3-dev python3-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libdc1394-22-dev

• 创建一个新目录并从 Github 克隆 OpenCV 和 OpenCV contrib 存储库

  mkdir ~/opencv_build
  cd ~/opencv_build
  git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
  git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git

• 创建一个临时构建目录，然后切换到该目录

  mkdir -p ~/opencv_build/opencv/build
  cd ~/opencv_build/opencv/build

编译

• 设置编译参数，”\“ 代表将代码延续到下一行

  cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
      -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
      -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
      -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
      -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
      -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
      -D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON \
      -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
      -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
      -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_build/opencv_contrib/modules \
      -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..

• 输出结果

  ...
  -- Configuring done
  -- Generating done
  -- Build files have been written to: /home/pi/opencv_build/opencv/build

• 开始编译

  make -j4

  花费时间很长，请耐心等待
  若在途中失败，再次运行该命令，会从停止的位置继续

• 编译中出现问题

提示缺少boostdesc_bgm.i文件，将此文件拷贝到opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/src/目录下

• 结束后会出现

  ...
  [100%] Linking CXX shared module ../../lib/python3/cv2.cpython-35m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so
  [100%] Built target opencv_python3

验证成功

• C++ 库

  pkg-config --modversion opencv4

• Python 库

  python3 -c "import cv2; print(cv2.__version__)"

  若成功安装，会输出版本号